Chevallier Krauth 2007

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M. Chevallier, W. Krauth Off-diagonal long-range order, cycle probabilities, and condensate fraction in the ideal Bose gas Physical Review E 76 051109 (2007)

Abstract: We discuss the relationship between the cycle probabilities in the path-integral representation of the ideal Bose gas, off-diagonal long-range order, and Bose--Einstein condensation. Starting from the Landsberg recursion relation for the canonic partition function, we use elementary considerations to show that in a box of size L^3 the sum of the cycle probabilities of length k >> L^2 equals the off-diagonal long-range order parameter in the thermodynamic limit. For arbitrary systems of ideal bosons, the integer derivative of the cycle probabilities is related to the probability of condensing k bosons. We use this relation to derive the precise form of the \pi_k in the thermodynamic limit. We also determine the function \pi_k for arbitrary systems. Furthermore we use the cycle probabilities to compute the probability distribution of the maximum-length cycles both at T=0, where the ideal Bose gas reduces to the study of random permutations, and at finite temperature. We close with comments on the cycle probabilities in interacting Bose gases.


Electronic version (arXiv)

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