ICFP Stat Physics 2019

From Werner KRAUTH

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(Week 10 (25 November 2019): Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in two dimensions: The XY model (Transitions without order parameters 1/2))
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Latest News: Latest News:
 +* 15 January 2020 Previous final exams available ([http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/e/eb/ICFP_2015_Final.pdf 2015 Final];[http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/3/31/ICFP_2016_Final.pdf 2016 Final]; [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/6/6b/ICFP_2017_Final.pdf 2017 Final]; [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/e/e9/ICFP_2018_Final.pdf 2018 Final]).
 +* 15 January 2020: Fact sheet 08 (mean-field theory), Solutions of HW10, HW13 available
 +* 02 January 2020: Solutions of TD08, TD10, TD11, and of HW08 available.
 +* 30 December 2019: Here are lecture notes, that I am still continuing to work on all the time [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/7/7a/ICFP_StatMech1_75.pdf pages 1-75], [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/b/b2/ICFP_StatMech76_125.pdf pages 76-125], [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/4/48/ICFP_StatMech126_end.pdf pages 126-end].
* THERE IS NO LECTURE ON 28 October 2019!! Next Lecture on 4 November 2019; [[ICFP_Stat_Physics_2019#Week_9_.2818_November_2019.29:_Landau_theory_.2F_Ginzburg_criterium_.28Transitions_and_order_parameters_2.2F2.29_.2F_Midterm_exam| Mid-term exam on 18 November 2019.]] * THERE IS NO LECTURE ON 28 October 2019!! Next Lecture on 4 November 2019; [[ICFP_Stat_Physics_2019#Week_9_.2818_November_2019.29:_Landau_theory_.2F_Ginzburg_criterium_.28Transitions_and_order_parameters_2.2F2.29_.2F_Midterm_exam| Mid-term exam on 18 November 2019.]]
* 24 October 2019: Previous Midterm exams uploaded: [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/6/61/MidTerm_2017_Solutions.pdf 2017] [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/1/15/MidTerm_2018.pdf 2018] * 24 October 2019: Previous Midterm exams uploaded: [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/6/61/MidTerm_2017_Solutions.pdf 2017] [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/1/15/MidTerm_2018.pdf 2018]
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* 07 October 2019: [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/c/c8/Lecture05.pdf Lecture 5 (preliminary, without HW and TD)] * 07 October 2019: [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/c/c8/Lecture05.pdf Lecture 5 (preliminary, without HW and TD)]
* 30 September 2019: [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/1/16/Lectures01_02.pdf Lectures 1-3 (preliminary version)] * 30 September 2019: [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/1/16/Lectures01_02.pdf Lectures 1-3 (preliminary version)]
-* 29 September 2019: Factsheet Bootstrap method, Factsheet DKW inequality available, solution HW01 available.+* 29 September 2019: Factsheet 2a (Bootstrap method), Factsheet 2b (DKW inequality) available, solution HW01 available.
* 09 September 2019: TD01 (with solution) and HW01 uploaded * 09 September 2019: TD01 (with solution) and HW01 uploaded
* 31 August 2019: Website set up * 31 August 2019: Website set up
==Week 1 (09 September 2019): Probability theory== ==Week 1 (09 September 2019): Probability theory==
 +
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/5/5c/TD01_ICFP_2019_sol.pdf Tutorial 01: Characteristic functions / Stable distributions (with solutions)].
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/b/b9/HW01_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 01: Chebychev inequality / Rényi formula / Lévy distribution (with solutions)].
 +* [[renyi_problem_HW01_ICFP_2018.py| Python program: Renyi.py (for Homework 01)]].
 +* [[levy_problem_HW01_ICFP_2018.py| Python program: Levy.py (for Homework 01)]].
References for Week 1: References for Week 1:
-* L. Wasserman, "All of Statistics, A Concise Course in Statistical Inference" (Springer, 2005) part 1+* L. Wasserman, "All of Statistics, A Concise Course in Statistical Inference" (Springer, 2005) part 1.
* W. Krauth, "[http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/7/73/SMAC_1_3_4.pdf Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations]" (Oxford, 2006) Section 1.3.4 only - Error intervals from Chebychev inequality. * W. Krauth, "[http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/7/73/SMAC_1_3_4.pdf Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations]" (Oxford, 2006) Section 1.3.4 only - Error intervals from Chebychev inequality.
- 
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/5/5c/TD01_ICFP_2019_sol.pdf Tutorial 01: Characteristic functions / Stable distributions]  
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/b/b9/HW01_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 01 (with solutions): Chebychev inequality / Rényi formula / Lévy distribution]  
- 
-** Useful program: [[renyi_problem_HW01_ICFP_2018.py| Renyi.py: Probability distribution of a sum of uniform random numbers]] 
-** Useful program: [[levy_problem_HW01_ICFP_2018.py| Levy.py: Probability distribution of a sum of random variables that may (or may not) have an infinite variance]] 
==Week 2 (16 September 2019): Statistical inference== ==Week 2 (16 September 2019): Statistical inference==
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/a/a8/TD02_ICFP_2019_sol.pdf Tutorial 02: Inference - from maximum likelihood to Bootstrap]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/a/a8/TD02_ICFP_2019_sol.pdf Tutorial 02: Inference - from maximum likelihood to Bootstrap (with solutions)].
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/a/a1/HW02_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 02: Estimation, from maximum likelihood to Bayes]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/a/a1/HW02_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 02: Estimation, from maximum likelihood to Bayes (with solutions)].
-** [[bayes_tank_problem_HW02_ICFP_2019.py| Bayes_tank.py: Bayesian approach to solving the German Tank problem]]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/1/1a/BootstrapConfidenceInterval.pdf Fact sheet 2a: Bootstrap confidence interval].
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/1/1a/BootstrapConfidenceInterval.pdf Fact sheet on the Bootstrap confidence interval]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/e/ed/FactSheet_DKW.pdf Fact sheet 2b: The Dvoretzky–Kieffer–Wolfowitz inequality or the incredible power of non-parametric statistics].
 +* [[bayes_tank_problem_HW02_ICFP_2019.py| Python program: Bayes_tank.py (for Homework 02)]].
References for Week 2: References for Week 2:
* L. Wasserman, "All of Statistics, A Concise Course in Statistical Inference" (Springer, 2005) part 2 * L. Wasserman, "All of Statistics, A Concise Course in Statistical Inference" (Springer, 2005) part 2
* W. Krauth, "[http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/7/73/SMAC_1_3_4.pdf Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations]" (Oxford, 2006) Section 1.3.4 only * W. Krauth, "[http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/7/73/SMAC_1_3_4.pdf Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations]" (Oxford, 2006) Section 1.3.4 only
-Further References for Week 2: 
* B. Efron, "Maximum likelihood and decision theory" Ann. Statist. 10, 340, 1982. * B. Efron, "Maximum likelihood and decision theory" Ann. Statist. 10, 340, 1982.
* B. Efron, "[https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1176344552 Bootstrap methods: another look at the jackknife]" The Annals of Statistics, 1-26, 1979. * B. Efron, "[https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1176344552 Bootstrap methods: another look at the jackknife]" The Annals of Statistics, 1-26, 1979.
* P. Diaconis and B. Efron, "[http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~cgshirl/Documents/Demonstrations/1983%20Diaconis%20Efron%20Computer-Intensive%20Methods%20in%20Statistics%20Sci%20Am%20May%201983.pdf Computer intensive methods in statistics]" Scientific American 248, no. 5, pp. 116-130, 1983. * P. Diaconis and B. Efron, "[http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~cgshirl/Documents/Demonstrations/1983%20Diaconis%20Efron%20Computer-Intensive%20Methods%20in%20Statistics%20Sci%20Am%20May%201983.pdf Computer intensive methods in statistics]" Scientific American 248, no. 5, pp. 116-130, 1983.
- 
-Factsheet for Week 2: 
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/e/ed/FactSheet_DKW.pdf The Dvoretzky–Kieffer–Wolfowitz inequality or the incredible power of non-parametric statistics] 
==Week 3 (23 September 2019): Statistical mechanics and Thermodynamics== ==Week 3 (23 September 2019): Statistical mechanics and Thermodynamics==
-I finished the discussion of error intervals in statistics, following the discussion in +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/1/15/TD03_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 03: Basic statistical mechanics - spin ice, pressure, etc (with solutions)].
 +* [[Wald_Interval_Lecture3_ICFP_2019.py| Python program: Wald_Interval_Lecture3_ICFP_2019.py (for Lecture 03, see also Brown et al. (2001))]].
 +* [[Chebychev_Hoeffding_Interval_Lecture3_ICFP_2019.py| Python program: Chebychev_Hoeffding_Interval_Lecture3_ICFP_2019.py (for Lecture 03, see also Brown et al. (2001))]].
 + 
 +References for Week 3:
* W. Krauth SMAC, pp 55-59 * W. Krauth SMAC, pp 55-59
* L. D. Brown, T. Tony Cai, A. DasGupta "Interval Estimation for a Binomial Proportion" Statistical Science 16, 101–133 (2001). This highly cited paper started a big discussion on the use and mis-use of error bars. * L. D. Brown, T. Tony Cai, A. DasGupta "Interval Estimation for a Binomial Proportion" Statistical Science 16, 101–133 (2001). This highly cited paper started a big discussion on the use and mis-use of error bars.
* L. Wasserman "All of statistics", Section 6.3.2, p. 92 (on confidence sets). * L. Wasserman "All of statistics", Section 6.3.2, p. 92 (on confidence sets).
- +* D. A. Levin, Y. Peres "Markov Chains and Mixing Times, second edition" (discussion of the ergodic theorem)
-* Useful program: [[Wald_Interval_Lecture3_ICFP_2019.py]] This program checks the probability with which the error bar (confidence interval) computed from the approximation of the binomial distribution actually contains the parameter of the Bernoulli distribution. +
-* Useful program: [[Chebychev_Hoeffding_Interval_Lecture3_ICFP_2019.py]] This program checks the probability with which the error bar (confidence interval) computed from the Chebychev and Hoeffding inequalities actually contains the parameter of the Bernoulli distribution. +
- +
- +
-In the discussion of the foundations of statistical mechanics, I used the following references+
-* D. A. Levin, Y. Peres "Markov Chains and Mixing Times, second edition" (for the discussion of the ergodic theorem)+
* Landau Lifshitz V, chapters 3,4,5 * Landau Lifshitz V, chapters 3,4,5
- 
- 
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/1/15/TD03_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 03: Basic statistical mechanics - spin ice, pressure, etc] 
- 
- 
- 
-References for the TD of week 3: 
- 
- 
* K. Huang, "Statistical Mechanics 2nd edition" (1987) (Tutorial Problem 1). * K. Huang, "Statistical Mechanics 2nd edition" (1987) (Tutorial Problem 1).
* L. Pauling, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 12 (2680-2684), 1935.(Tutorial Problem 2 on residual entropy of ice). * L. Pauling, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 12 (2680-2684), 1935.(Tutorial Problem 2 on residual entropy of ice).
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==Week 4 (30 September 2019): Phases and phase transitions: Van der Waals theory== ==Week 4 (30 September 2019): Phases and phase transitions: Van der Waals theory==
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/3/3f/HW04_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 04 (with solution): Van-der-Waals theory and beyond]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/6/66/TD04_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 04: Clapeyron's equation, and first-order transitions in liquid crystals (with solutions)].
- +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/3/3f/HW04_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 04: Van-der-Waals theory and beyond (with solutions)].
-** Useful program: [[Van_der_Waals.py| Van_der_Waals.py - Liquid-gas equation of state]]+* [[Van_der_Waals.py| Python program: Van_der_Waals.py (for Homework 04)]].
- +
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/6/66/TD04_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 04] +
- +
References for Week 4: References for Week 4:
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==Week 5 (07 October 2019): Hard spheres and the Ising model in one dimension (Transfer matrix 1/2)== ==Week 5 (07 October 2019): Hard spheres and the Ising model in one dimension (Transfer matrix 1/2)==
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/0/0b/HW05_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 05 (with solutions): Transfer matrices]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/3/32/TD05_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 05: One-dimensional classical models with phase transitions (with solutions)].
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/0/0b/HW05_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 05: Transfer matrices (with solutions)].
References for Week 5: References for Week 5:
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==Week 6 (14 October 2019): Two-dimensional Ising model: From Ising to Onsager (Transfer matrix 2/2)== ==Week 6 (14 October 2019): Two-dimensional Ising model: From Ising to Onsager (Transfer matrix 2/2)==
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/8/8d/TD06_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 06: Peierls argument for spontaneous symmetry breaking in two and higher dimensions.]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/8/8d/TD06_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 06: Peierls argument for spontaneous symmetry breaking in two and higher dimensions (with solutions)].
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/1/19/HW06_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 06: Thouless (!) argument; transfer matrix for the two-dimensional Ising model on a stripe.]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/1/19/HW06_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 06: Thouless (!) argument; transfer matrix for the two-dimensional Ising model on a stripe (with solutions)].
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/2/2f/Transfer_2d_Ising.pdf PDF of Mathematica notebook file useful for Lecture 06 and Homework 06.]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/2/2f/Transfer_2d_Ising.pdf Mathematica program: Transfer_2d_Ising.pdf (for Lecture 06 and Homework 06)].
- +
References for Week 6: References for Week 6:
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==Week 7 (21 October 2019): Two-dimensional Ising model: From Kramers & Wannier to Kac & Ward (Low- and high-temperature expansions)== ==Week 7 (21 October 2019): Two-dimensional Ising model: From Kramers & Wannier to Kac & Ward (Low- and high-temperature expansions)==
- +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/f/f8/TD07_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 07: Thermodynamic quantities and high-temperature expansions (with solutions)].
-* [[Ising dual 4x4.py| Python2 program centered around the question of duality in the two-dimensional Ising model]]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/4/4b/HW07_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 07: Graphical solution for the two-dimensional Ising model (with solutions)].
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/e/ee/U_2x2.pdf PDF of Mathematica notebook file (setup of Kac-Ward matrix for a 2x2 Ising model) essential for Homework 07.] +* [[Ising dual 4x4.py| Python program: Ising dual 4x4.py (for Lecture 07)]].
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/2/2a/U_4x4.pdf PDF of Mathematica notebook file (setup of Kac-Ward matrix for a 4x4 Ising model) from Homework 07 (beautiful solution found by Botao LI).] +* [[Combinatorial ising.py| Python program: Combinatorial ising.py (for Lecture 07)]].
-* [[Combinatorial ising.py| Here is a Python2 program for the 2x2 and the 4x4 lattice]] showing that the determinant of the Kac-Ward matrix gives the square of the corresponding partition functions. +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/e/ee/U_2x2.pdf Mathematica program: U_2x2.pdf (for Homework 07)].
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/4/4b/HW07_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 07 (with solution): Graphical solution for the two-dimensional Ising model]+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/2/2a/U_4x4.pdf Mathematica program: U_4x4.pdf (for Homework 07)].
References for Week 7: References for Week 7:
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==Week 8 (04 November 2019): The three pillars of mean-field theory (Transitions and order parameters 1/2)== ==Week 8 (04 November 2019): The three pillars of mean-field theory (Transitions and order parameters 1/2)==
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/5/50/HW08_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 08: Mean-field theory as easy as 1-2-3]. In relation with homework 08, please check out the following programs:+* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/5/58/TD08_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 08: Physics in infinite dimensions---Ising model on a Bethe lattice (with solutions)].
-** [[Mean_field_self_consistency_single_site.py]] and +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/5/50/HW08_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 08: Mean-field theory as easy as 1-2-3 (with solutions)].
-** [[Mean field gen d Ising lattice.py]]. . Also check out the program +* [[Mean_field_self_consistency_single_site.py| Python program: Mean_field_self_consistency_single_site.py (for Homework 08)]].
-** [[Ising mean field 1d.py| Ising mean field 1d.py]] (self-consistent mean field solution of a one-dimensional Ising chain, as well as its linearized approximation)+* [[Mean field gen d Ising lattice.py| Python program: Mean field gen d Ising lattice.py (for Homework 08)]].
 +* [[Ising mean field 1d.py| Python program: Ising mean field 1d.py (for Homework 08)]].
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/0/09/Mean_field.pdf Fact sheet 08: Mean field theory and saddle points]
 + 
References for Week 8: References for Week 8:
* R. J. Baxter: "Exactly solved models in Statistical Mechanics" (1982) (Chapter 3, for the solution of the Ising model on a fully connected graph) * R. J. Baxter: "Exactly solved models in Statistical Mechanics" (1982) (Chapter 3, for the solution of the Ising model on a fully connected graph)
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==Week 10 (25 November 2019): Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in two dimensions: The XY model (Transitions without order parameters 1/2)== ==Week 10 (25 November 2019): Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in two dimensions: The XY model (Transitions without order parameters 1/2)==
 +
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/1/17/TD10_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 10: The roughening transition (with solutions)].
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/6/61/HW10_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 10: Topological excitation and their interactions in the XY model (with solutions)].
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/c/cb/Wegner_XY_finite.pdf Factsheet 10: Wegner's solution of the d-dimensional harmonic model].
 +* [[Wegner 1d Exact.py| Python program: Wegner 1d Exact.py (for Factsheet 10)]].
 +* [[Wegner 1d Direct.py| Python program: Wegner 1d Direct.py (for Factsheet 10)]].
 +* [[Wegner 2d Exact.py| Python program: Wegner 2d Exact.py (for Factsheet 10)]].
 +* [[Vortex pair.py| Python program: Vortex_pair.py (for Lecture 10)]].
References for Week 10: References for Week 10:
- +* F. Wegner, "Spin-Ordering in a Planar Classical Heisenberg Model" Z. Phys 206, 465 (1967) (Exact solution of the harmonic approximation to the XY model, algebraic long-range correlations). See Factsheet 10.
- +* J. M. Kosterlitz, D. M. Thouless "Ordering, Metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems" J. Phys. C: Solid State Physics 6, 1181 (1973) (Nobel-prize winning paper, proposing topological excitations. For the free-energy argument for the XY model see p. 1190 ff). See homework.
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/5/58/HW10_ICFP_2018.pdf Homework 10: Topological excitation and their interactions in the XY model - See for yourself!]. NB: Please check out [[Vortex pair.py| the program Vortex_pair.py]] that will allow you to generate configurations without vortices, with one vortex, and with a vortex-antivortex pair.+
- +
-* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/c/cb/Wegner_XY_finite.pdf Wegner_XY_finite.pdf] Factsheet: Wegner's solution of the d-dimensional harmonic model. Please check out [[Wegner 1d Exact.py|the program Wegner 1d Exact.py]], [[Wegner 1d Direct.py|the program Wegner 1d Direct.py]], as well as [[Wegner 2d Exact.py|the program Wegner 2d Exact.py]].+
- +
- +
-* F. Wegner, "Spin-Ordering in a Planar Classical Heisenberg Model" Z. Phys 206, 465 (1967) (Exact solution of the harmonic approximation to the XY model, algebraic long-range correlations).+
-* J. M. Kosterlitz, D. M. Thouless "Ordering, Metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems" J. Phys. C: Solid State Physics 6, 1181 (1973) (Nobel-prize winning paper, proposing topological excitations. For the free-energy argument for the XY model see p. 1190 ff).+
* J. Fröhlich, T. Spencer "The Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in Two-Dimensional Abelian Spin Systems and the Coulomb Gas" Comm. Math. Phys. 81, 527 (1981) (Paper proving a low-temperature phase with algebraic correlations. Nuance: This paper proves the existence of a low-temperature phase but not the presence of a KT transitiont. The title thus overstates the content of the paper). * J. Fröhlich, T. Spencer "The Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in Two-Dimensional Abelian Spin Systems and the Coulomb Gas" Comm. Math. Phys. 81, 527 (1981) (Paper proving a low-temperature phase with algebraic correlations. Nuance: This paper proves the existence of a low-temperature phase but not the presence of a KT transitiont. The title thus overstates the content of the paper).
* E. Domany, M. Schick, and R. H. Swendsen "First-Order Transition in an xy Model with Nearest-Neighbor Interactions Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1535 (1984) (Paper explaining the two-energy scales J (for a first-order transition) and J_R (for the KT transition). The XY model and its variant can have KT transitions or else first-order transitions.) * E. Domany, M. Schick, and R. H. Swendsen "First-Order Transition in an xy Model with Nearest-Neighbor Interactions Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1535 (1984) (Paper explaining the two-energy scales J (for a first-order transition) and J_R (for the KT transition). The XY model and its variant can have KT transitions or else first-order transitions.)
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==Week 11 (02 December 2019): Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in two dimensions: KTHNY Melting theory (Transitions without order parameters 2/2)== ==Week 11 (02 December 2019): Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in two dimensions: KTHNY Melting theory (Transitions without order parameters 2/2)==
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/3/38/TD11_ICFP_2019.pdf Tutorial 11: The harmonic solid (with solutions)].
References for Week 11: References for Week 11:
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==Week 13 (16 December 2019): Quantum statistics 1/2: Ideal Bosons== ==Week 13 (16 December 2019): Quantum statistics 1/2: Ideal Bosons==
 +
 +* [http://www.lps.ens.fr/%7Ekrauth/images/2/21/HW13_ICFP_2019.pdf Homework 13: Ideal bosons - density of states, enumerations, and integrations (with solutions)]
 +
References for Week 13: References for Week 13:
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* D. M. Ceperley, E. L. Pollock, "Path-integral computation of the low-temperature properties of liquid 4He" Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 351 (1986) (First-principles numerical computation of the Lambda transition) * D. M. Ceperley, E. L. Pollock, "Path-integral computation of the low-temperature properties of liquid 4He" Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 351 (1986) (First-principles numerical computation of the Lambda transition)
* W. Krauth, "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" (2006) Chap 5.1: The two formulations of the model of ideal bosons * W. Krauth, "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" (2006) Chap 5.1: The two formulations of the model of ideal bosons
-* A. Kitaev, "Fault-tolerant quantum computation by anyons", Annals Phys. 303, 2-30 (2003, Tutorial) 
==Week 14 (06 January 2020): Quantum statistics 2/2: 4He and the 3D Heisenberg model, Non-classical rotational inertia== ==Week 14 (06 January 2020): Quantum statistics 2/2: 4He and the 3D Heisenberg model, Non-classical rotational inertia==
References for Week 14: References for Week 14:
- 
* G. B. Hess and W. M. Fairbank "Measurement of angular momentum in superfluid helium" Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 216 (1967) (Non-classical response of a quantum fluid to rotation - A slowly rotating 4He vessel accelerates when cooled (!)). * G. B. Hess and W. M. Fairbank "Measurement of angular momentum in superfluid helium" Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 216 (1967) (Non-classical response of a quantum fluid to rotation - A slowly rotating 4He vessel accelerates when cooled (!)).
* W. Krauth "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/7/74/SMAC_3_1_4.pdf Sect 3.1.4]. (Allows to understand non-classical rotational inertia by only considering an ideal quantum particles). * W. Krauth "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" [http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krauth/images/7/74/SMAC_3_1_4.pdf Sect 3.1.4]. (Allows to understand non-classical rotational inertia by only considering an ideal quantum particles).
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==References== ==References==
-Lecture notes are not yet available. A few essential references are given each week. ICFP students can access these references from within the Department (you may for example connect to Web of Science, and download them from there). You may also ask the library staff at 29 rue d'Ulm.+Rudimentary Lecture notes are available (see above). A few essential references are given each week (see above, also). ICFP students can access these references from within the Department (you may for example connect to Web of Science, and download them from there). You may also ask the library staff at 29 rue d'Ulm.
==Books== ==Books==

Current revision

This is the homepage for the ICFP course: Statistical Physics: Concepts and Applications that is running from 09 September 2019 through 13 January 2020. Lectures start at 8:30 on Monday mornings, and tutorials at 10:45.

Lectures: Werner KRAUTH

Tutorials (TD): Victor DAGARD, Valentina ROS

Homeworks, factsheets: Botao LI

Look here for practical information


Latest News:

  • 15 January 2020 Previous final exams available (2015 Final;2016 Final; 2017 Final; 2018 Final).
  • 15 January 2020: Fact sheet 08 (mean-field theory), Solutions of HW10, HW13 available
  • 02 January 2020: Solutions of TD08, TD10, TD11, and of HW08 available.
  • 30 December 2019: Here are lecture notes, that I am still continuing to work on all the time pages 1-75, pages 76-125, pages 126-end.
  • THERE IS NO LECTURE ON 28 October 2019!! Next Lecture on 4 November 2019; Mid-term exam on 18 November 2019.
  • 24 October 2019: Previous Midterm exams uploaded: 2017 2018
  • 24 October 2019: Solution of Homework 06 available, Python program for Lecture 07 (Duality)
  • 22 October 2019: Solution of Homework 05 available
  • 07 October 2019: Lecture 5 (preliminary, without HW and TD)
  • 30 September 2019: Lectures 1-3 (preliminary version)
  • 29 September 2019: Factsheet 2a (Bootstrap method), Factsheet 2b (DKW inequality) available, solution HW01 available.
  • 09 September 2019: TD01 (with solution) and HW01 uploaded
  • 31 August 2019: Website set up

Contents

Week 1 (09 September 2019): Probability theory

References for Week 1:

Week 2 (16 September 2019): Statistical inference

References for Week 2:

Week 3 (23 September 2019): Statistical mechanics and Thermodynamics

References for Week 3:

  • W. Krauth SMAC, pp 55-59
  • L. D. Brown, T. Tony Cai, A. DasGupta "Interval Estimation for a Binomial Proportion" Statistical Science 16, 101–133 (2001). This highly cited paper started a big discussion on the use and mis-use of error bars.
  • L. Wasserman "All of statistics", Section 6.3.2, p. 92 (on confidence sets).
  • D. A. Levin, Y. Peres "Markov Chains and Mixing Times, second edition" (discussion of the ergodic theorem)
  • Landau Lifshitz V, chapters 3,4,5
  • K. Huang, "Statistical Mechanics 2nd edition" (1987) (Tutorial Problem 1).
  • L. Pauling, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 12 (2680-2684), 1935.(Tutorial Problem 2 on residual entropy of ice).
  • Bramwell, Gingras, Science 294, 1495 ( 2001) (Spin ice in pyrochlore).

Week 4 (30 September 2019): Phases and phase transitions: Van der Waals theory

References for Week 4:

  • L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz V, "Statistical Physics" (Pergamon, 1959, and later editions). NB: Chapter numbers and titles vary with edition. The following chapters all refer to the Lecture:
    • Chap 73 "Conditions of phase equilibrium"
    • Chap 79 "The critical point" (note that LL do not use the term "spinodal" for the points where dP/dV vanishes)
    • Chap 71 "Deviations of gases from the ideal state"
    • Chap 73 "Van der Waals' equation"
    • Chap 82 "The law of corresponding states"
    • Chap 152 (in some editions only) "Van der Waals theory of the critical point"
    • Chap 21 "Thermodynamic inequalities" (dP/dV < 0 is not strictly valid (!!) in finite systems - see homework)
  • R. A. Sauerwein, M. J. De Oliveira "Lattice model for biaxial and uniaxial nematic liquid crystals" J. of Chem. Phys. 144, 194904 (2016, Tutorial)
  • J. E. Mayer, W. W. Wood, "Interfacial Tension Effects in Finite, Periodic, Two-Dimensional Systems", Journal of Chemical Physics, 42, 4268 (1965, for the homework)

Week 5 (07 October 2019): Hard spheres and the Ising model in one dimension (Transfer matrix 1/2)

References for Week 5:

  • W. Krauth, "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" (Oxford, 2006) p. 269ff (hard-sphere partition function using the double substitution).
  • M Plischke, B Bergersen, "Equilibrium Statistical Physics" (World Scientific) p. 145f (some background material on the virial expansion), p. 77 ff (Ising chain, although our treatment was considerably different).
  • R. H. Swendsen, "Statistical mechanics of colloids and {Boltzmann's} definition of the entropy" American Journal of Physics 74, 187 (2006) (a good discussion of the Gibbs phenomenon)
  • D. J. Thouless, "Long-range order in one-dimensional Ising systems" Physical Review 187, 732 (1969) (Ingenious discussion of the 1/r^2 Ising model)
  • J. M. Kosterlitz, "Kosterlitz-Thouless physics: a review of key issues" Rep. Prog. Phys. 79 026001 (2016) (first two pages only, discussion and historical context for the Thouless paper. This is elementary to follow.).
  • C. Kittel, American Journal of Physics 37, 917 (1969) (First exercise of Tutorial 5)
  • J. A. Cuesta and A. Sanchez, J. Stat. Phys. 115, 869 (2004) (Third exercise of Tutorial 5, generalized Kittel model)

Week 6 (14 October 2019): Two-dimensional Ising model: From Ising to Onsager (Transfer matrix 2/2)

References for Week 6:

  • R. Peierls, Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 32, 477 (1936) (famous loop-counting argument establishing spontaneous symmetry breaking in the two-dimensional Ising model below a finite temperature)
  • C. Bonati, Eur. J. Phys. 35, 035002 (2014) (generalization of the Peierls argument to higher dimensions)
  • M Plischke, B Bergersen, "Equilibrium Statistical Physics" (World Scientific) section 6.1 (Transfer matrix for the two-dimensional Ising model, Onsager's solution)
  • T D Schultz, D C Mattis, E Lieb, "Two-dimensional Ising model as a soluble problem of many fermions" Reviews of Modern Physics (1964) (Authoritative account of Onsager's solution).

Week 7 (21 October 2019): Two-dimensional Ising model: From Kramers & Wannier to Kac & Ward (Low- and high-temperature expansions)

References for Week 7:

Week 8 (04 November 2019): The three pillars of mean-field theory (Transitions and order parameters 1/2)

References for Week 8:

  • R. J. Baxter: "Exactly solved models in Statistical Mechanics" (1982) (Chapter 3, for the solution of the Ising model on a fully connected graph)
  • M. Plischke, B. Bergersen, "Equilibrium Statistical Physics" (World Scientific) section 3.1, pp 63 - 65 (Self-consistency à la Weiss, development for small m)
  • M. Plischke, B. Bergersen, "Equilibrium Statistical Physics" (World Scientific) section 3.1, pp 67 - 68 (Bragg-Williams theory)
  • C. M. Bender, S. A. Orszag, "Advanced Mathematical Methods for Scientists and Engineers: Asymptotic Methods and Perturbation Theory" (Springer, 1999) (difference equations)

Week 9 (18 November 2019): Landau theory / Ginzburg criterium (Transitions and order parameters 2/2) / Midterm exam

References for Week 9:

  • R. J. Baxter: "Exactly solved models in Statistical Mechanics" (1982) (Chapter 3: We expanded the free energy of the Ising model on a fully connected graph to motivate Landau theory)
  • J. Als‐Nielsen and R. J. Birgeneau: "Mean field theory, the Ginzburg criterion, and marginal dimensionality of phase transitions" Am. Journal of Physics 45, 554 (1977) (Elementary discussion of the Ginzburg criterion, although in the lecture we avoided the Fourier transform)
  • L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, "Statistical Physics", Chap 147 (Ginzburg criterion).

Week 10 (25 November 2019): Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in two dimensions: The XY model (Transitions without order parameters 1/2)

References for Week 10:

  • F. Wegner, "Spin-Ordering in a Planar Classical Heisenberg Model" Z. Phys 206, 465 (1967) (Exact solution of the harmonic approximation to the XY model, algebraic long-range correlations). See Factsheet 10.
  • J. M. Kosterlitz, D. M. Thouless "Ordering, Metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems" J. Phys. C: Solid State Physics 6, 1181 (1973) (Nobel-prize winning paper, proposing topological excitations. For the free-energy argument for the XY model see p. 1190 ff). See homework.
  • J. Fröhlich, T. Spencer "The Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in Two-Dimensional Abelian Spin Systems and the Coulomb Gas" Comm. Math. Phys. 81, 527 (1981) (Paper proving a low-temperature phase with algebraic correlations. Nuance: This paper proves the existence of a low-temperature phase but not the presence of a KT transitiont. The title thus overstates the content of the paper).
  • E. Domany, M. Schick, and R. H. Swendsen "First-Order Transition in an xy Model with Nearest-Neighbor Interactions Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1535 (1984) (Paper explaining the two-energy scales J (for a first-order transition) and J_R (for the KT transition). The XY model and its variant can have KT transitions or else first-order transitions.)
  • M. Hasenbusch, "The two-dimensional XY model at the transition temperature: a high-precision Monte Carlo study" J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38, 5869 (2005) (This is the final one of a long series of computational-physics papers that have established that the transition in the XY model is indeed of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type. It computes the critical temperature to 5 significant digits: β_KT = 1.1199).

Week 11 (02 December 2019): Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in two dimensions: KTHNY Melting theory (Transitions without order parameters 2/2)

References for Week 11:

  • J. M. Kosterlitz, D. M. Thouless "Ordering, Metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems" J. Phys. C: Solid State Physics 6, 1181 (1973) (First two pages: Motivation of KT theory <=> 2D melting. Origin of KT theory <=> dislocation theory of melting).
  • N. D. Mermin, "Crystalline Order in 2 Dimensions", Phys. Rev. 176, 250 (1968) (Discovery of the dissociation of positional and orientational ordering in the two-dimensional harmonic model: see eqs 32 & 33).
  • D. R. Nelson, B. I. Halperin, "Dislocation-mediated melting in two dimensions" Phys. Rev. B 19, 2457 (1979) (THE theory paper on the 2D melting theory, quite advanced).
  • A. P. Young "Melting and the vector Coulomb gas in two dimensions" Phys. Rev. B 19, 1855 (1979) (Vector nature of the dislocation-dislocation interaction, quite advanced).
  • D. R. Nelson, J. M. Kosterlitz, "Universal Jump in the Superfluid Density of Two-Dimensional Superfluids" Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 1201 (1977) (We did not yet treat in class this most striking prediction of KT theory).

Week 12 (09 December 2019): The renormalization group - an introduction

References for Week 12:

  • H. J. Maris & L. P. Kadanoff "Teaching the renormalization group" American Journal of Physics 46, 652 (1978)
  • l. P. Kadanoff "Scaling Laws for Ising models near T_c" Physics 2, 263 (1966)
  • K. G. Wilson "The renormalization group: Critical phenomena and the Kondo problem" Reviews of Modern Physics 47, 773 (1975)
  • K. G. Wilson "The renormalization group and critical phenomena" Reviews of Modern Physics 55, 583 (1983) (Nobel lecture 1982)
  • P. J. Reynolds, H. E. Stanley and W. Klein "A Real-space renormalization group for site and bond percolation" J. of Phys. C, 10, L167 (1977) (Tutorial)
  • D. Stauffer, A. Aharony, "Introduction to Percolation Theory", 2nd rev. ed., Taylor & Francis, 2003 (Tutorial)

Week 13 (16 December 2019): Quantum statistics 1/2: Ideal Bosons


References for Week 13:

  • J. A. Lipa et al, "Specific heat of liquid helium in zero gravity very near the lambda point", Phys. Rev. B 68, 174518 (2003) (Space-shuttle experiments)
  • M. Hasenbusch, "The three-dimensional XY universality class: a high precision Monte Carlo estimate of the universal amplitude ratio A +/ A −" J. Stat. Mech. (2006) P08019 (Interpretation of space-shuttle experiments in 3d XY model).
  • D. M. Ceperley, E. L. Pollock, "Path-integral computation of the low-temperature properties of liquid 4He" Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 351 (1986) (First-principles numerical computation of the Lambda transition)
  • W. Krauth, "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" (2006) Chap 5.1: The two formulations of the model of ideal bosons

Week 14 (06 January 2020): Quantum statistics 2/2: 4He and the 3D Heisenberg model, Non-classical rotational inertia

References for Week 14:

  • G. B. Hess and W. M. Fairbank "Measurement of angular momentum in superfluid helium" Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 216 (1967) (Non-classical response of a quantum fluid to rotation - A slowly rotating 4He vessel accelerates when cooled (!)).
  • W. Krauth "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" Sect 3.1.4. (Allows to understand non-classical rotational inertia by only considering an ideal quantum particles).
  • A. J. Leggett "Topics in the theory of helium" Physica Fennica 8, 125 (1973) (Fundamental paper which explains Non-classical rotational inertia very similarly to how we proceeded in the lecture.)

Week 15 (13 January 2020): The Fluctuation-Dissipation theorem (an introduction)

References for Week 15:

  • R. Kubo "The fluctuation-dissipation theorem" Reports on Progress in Physics, 29, 255 (1966). This is a fundamental text, of which we treat the first 10 pages, or so, in the lecture.
  • H. Risken "The Fokker-Planck equation (Springer Verlag, 1996).

References

Rudimentary Lecture notes are available (see above). A few essential references are given each week (see above, also). ICFP students can access these references from within the Department (you may for example connect to Web of Science, and download them from there). You may also ask the library staff at 29 rue d'Ulm.

Books

  • L. Wasserman, "All of Statistics, A Concise Course in Statistical Inference" (Springer, 2005)
  • W. Krauth, "Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations" (Oxford, 2006)
  • M Plischke, B Bergersen, "Equilibrium Statistical Physics" (World Scientific, 2006)
  • L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, "Statistical Physics" (Pergamon, 1969)
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