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The regime diagrams

Figure 8 and 9 represent the transition lines in the plane versus the base 2 logarithm of in the case of random initial distribution of purchasers and of initial homogeneous half planes of purchasers. The upper lines correspond to the lower boundary of non-polluters domination. The lower lines are the upper boundary of polluters partial domination with a final market share larger than 0.8. Since transients are very long in the neighborhood of the transition, simulation times where restricted to 300 time steps. Convergence towards polluters (resp. non-polluters) domination was considered as certain when the market share of polluters was above 0.8 (resp. below 0.1). Although each transition point is obtained by averaging over nine simulations, the determination is not extremely precise, due to the probabilistic character of information transmission.

Homogeneous initial conditions (figure 8) favors cooperation and the choice of non-polluting cars with respect to random distribution because the pollution gradient is large at the boundary between the two regions, thus giving a clear information to the agents in this neighborhood. An interesting feature is the existence of an optimum memory range ( corresponding to a maximum difference in prior utilities at the transition. This weak optimum was observed consistently for all simulations. The agents performs better by having an intermediate memory range, allowing them to average information on several time steps while still being able to cope with change.

 
Figure 8: Transition lines in the , plane, (the memory range scale is logarithmic), for homogeneous half planes initial conditions as in figures 2, 3 and 4. As in figure 8, the upper line is the lower boundary of complete domination by non-polluters and the lower line the upper boundary of mixed configurations with a market share of polluting cars larger than 0.8. Pollution rate is 10. At low memory ranges, the two transitions are simultaneous within simulation uncertainties. Also note the slight minimum of as a function of around =32. The squares represent the parameters of simulation for figures 2, 3 and 4.

When the agents are in a random environement (figure 9), they have to rely on pollution inhomogeneities to get useful informations. The pollutions gradients are much smaller, which explains that the upper transition line rests higher in than for the homogeneous initial distribution (figure 8). Rather than averaging on several time steps to separate signal from noise, they better follow time fluctuations to get the meaningful signal: long term memory is thus a handicap, hence the positive slope of the upper transition line.

 
Figure 9: Transition lines in the , plane, (the memory range scale is logarithmic), for random initial distributions of polluters and non-polluters as in figures 6 and 7. the prior utility of polluting cars is set to 10, and the prior utility of non-polluting cars varies between 10 and 7. The upper line is the lower boundary of complete domination by non-polluters and the lower line the upper boundary of mixed configurations with a market share of polluting cars larger than 0.8. The upper transition is discontinuous, with market shares of polluters varying from 0 to 0.75, while the lower transition is continuous. Pollution rate is 10. The squares represent the simulation parameters of figures 6 and 7.

The lower transition lines are very similar for both kind of initial conditions.

This systematic search of transition when is varied was also done for other pollution rates, s=20, and 5, and give similar results, with the transition lines scaling in in proportion to s.



next up previous
Next: CONCLUSIONS Up: SIMULATION RESULTS Previous: Description of some



weisbuch
Tue Feb 4 16:55:42 GMT+0100 1997